持久性

Jotai 在工具包中有一个用于持久化的 atomWithStorage 函数，支持在 sessionStorage、localStorage、AsyncStorage 或 URL hash 中持久化状态。

（注意：这篇指南有些过时，需要一些重写。）

这里还有几种替代实现：

使用 localStorage 的简单模式

const strAtom = atom(localStorage.getItem('myKey') ?? 'foo')

const strAtomWithPersistence = atom(
  (get) => get(strAtom),
  (get, set, newStr) => {
    set(strAtom, newStr)
    localStorage.setItem('myKey', newStr)
  },
)

使用 localStorage 和 JSON 解析的辅助函数

const atomWithLocalStorage = (key, initialValue) => {
  const getInitialValue = () => {
    const item = localStorage.getItem(key)
    if (item !== null) {
      return JSON.parse(item)
    }
    return initialValue
  }
  const baseAtom = atom(getInitialValue())
  const derivedAtom = atom(
    (get) => get(baseAtom),
    (get, set, update) => {
      const nextValue =
        typeof update === 'function' ? update(get(baseAtom)) : update
      set(baseAtom, nextValue)
      localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(nextValue))
    },
  )
  return derivedAtom
}

（应添加错误处理。）

使用 AsyncStorage 和 JSON 解析的辅助函数

这需要 onMount。

const atomWithAsyncStorage = (key, initialValue) => {
  const baseAtom = atom(initialValue)
  baseAtom.onMount = (setValue) => {
    ;(async () => {
      const item = await AsyncStorage.getItem(key)
      setValue(JSON.parse(item))
    })()
  }
  const derivedAtom = atom(
    (get) => get(baseAtom),
    (get, set, update) => {
      const nextValue =
        typeof update === 'function' ? update(get(baseAtom)) : update
      set(baseAtom, nextValue)
      AsyncStorage

.setItem

(key, JSON.stringify(nextValue))
    },
  )
  return derivedAtom
}

不要忘记查看 Async 文档以获取更多关于如何使用异步原子的详细信息。

使用 sessionStorage 的示例

与 AsyncStorage 相同，只需使用 atomWithStorage 工具并用 sessionStorage 覆盖默认存储。

import { atomWithStorage, createJSONStorage } from 'jotai/utils'

const storage = createJSONStorage(() => sessionStorage)
const someAtom = atomWithStorage('some-key', someInitialValue, storage)

A serialize atom pattern

type Actions =
  | { type: 'serialize'; callback: (value: string) => void }
  | { type: 'deserialize'; value: string }

const serializeAtom = atom(null, (get, set, action: Actions) => {
  if (action.type === 'serialize') {
    const obj = {
      todos: get(todosAtom).map(get),
    }
    action.callback(JSON.stringify(obj))
  } else if (action.type === 'deserialize') {
    const obj = JSON.parse(action.value)
    // 需要错误处理和类型检查
    set(
      todosAtom,
      obj.todos.map((todo: Todo) => atom(todo)),
    )
  }
})

const Persist = () => {
  const [, dispatch] = useAtom(serializeAtom)
  const save = () => {
    dispatch({
      type: 'serialize',
      callback: (value) => {
        localStorage.setItem('serializedTodos', value)
      },
    })
  }
  const load = () => {
    const value = localStorage.getItem('serializedTodos')
    if (value) {
      dispatch({ type: 'deserialize', value })
    }
  }
  return (
    <div>
      <button onClick={save}>Save to localStorage</button>
      <button onClick={load}>Load from localStorage</button>
    </div>
  )
}

示例

使用 atomFamily 的模式

type Actions =
  | { type: 'serialize'; callback: (value: string) => void }
  | { type: 'deserialize'; value: string }

const serializeAtom = atom(null, (get, set, action: Actions) => {
  if (action.type === 'serialize') {
    const todos = get(todosAtom)
    const todoMap: Record<string, { title: string; completed: boolean }> = {}
    todos.forEach((id) => {
      todoMap[id] = get(todoAtomFamily({ id }))
    })
    const obj = {
      todos,
      todoMap,
      filter: get(filterAtom),
    }
    action.callback(JSON.stringify(obj))
  } else if (action.type === 'deserialize') {
    const obj = JSON.parse(action.value)
    // 需要错误处理和类型检查
    set(filterAtom, obj.filter)
    obj.todos.forEach((id: string) => {
      const todo = obj.todoMap[id]
      set(todoAtomFamily({ id, ...todo }), todo)
    })
    set(todosAtom, obj.todos)
  }
})

const Persist = () => {
  const [, dispatch] = useAtom(serializeAtom)
  const save = () => {
    dispatch({
      type: 'serialize',
      callback: (value) => {
        localStorage.setItem('serializedTodos', value)
      },
    })
  }
  const load = () => {
    const value = localStorage.getItem('serializedTodos')
    if (value) {
      dispatch({ type: 'deserialize', value })
    }
  }
  return (
    <div>
      <button onClick={save}>保存到 localStorage</button>
      <button onClick={load}>从 localStorage 加载</button>
    </div>
  )
}

示例